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5 Shocking Numbers That Prove Columbia, TN Is Middle Tennessee's Fastest-Growing City (2025 Data)

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The city of Columbia, Tennessee, is currently experiencing an unprecedented population boom, solidifying its status as one of the fastest-growing cities in the Middle Tennessee region. As of the most recent official count in late 2024, the city's population has surged past previous estimates, driven by a compelling mix of affordability, economic opportunity, and its unique cultural appeal. This article, updated in December 2025, uses the absolute latest official data—including the results of the 2024 Special Census—to detail the explosive growth and the key demographic shifts transforming "Muletown."

The latest figures show that Columbia is no longer a quiet southern town but a burgeoning urban center on the cusp of the 50,000-resident mark. The influx of new residents is directly impacting the local housing market, infrastructure planning, and the overall economic landscape of Maury County, making it a critical area of focus for anyone tracking the growth of the Nashville Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA).

The Latest Population Profile: Columbia, TN (2024 Special Census & 2025 Projection)

The following data provides a comprehensive, up-to-date snapshot of Columbia, Tennessee, based on the most recent official reports and projections. This information is crucial for understanding the city's rapid evolution and its position within the competitive Tennessee real estate and job markets.

  • Official 2024 Population (Special Census): 48,885
  • 2025 Population Projection: 50,361
  • Growth Rate Since 2020 Census: 17.26%
  • Median Age: 35.9 years
  • Median Household Income (2023): $61,204
  • Median Household Income (Ages 25-44): $75,283
  • Housing Units (2024 Special Census): 21,492

The most significant number here is the Special Census result of 48,885 residents, which was finalized in September 2024. This figure officially updates the city's population from the 2020 Decennial Census, showcasing a massive 17.26% jump in just four years. This rate of growth is characteristic of a boomtown, driven largely by migration from larger, more expensive cities.

Demographic Deep Dive: Who is Moving to Columbia, TN?

The rapid population increase is not just a change in numbers; it represents a significant shift in the city’s demographic makeup. Columbia is attracting a younger, working-age demographic, which is a key indicator of sustainable economic growth and vitality.

A Young and Affluent Workforce

The city's median age sits at a relatively young 35.9 years, which is slightly below the national average and reflects an influx of young professionals and new families. This is further evidenced by the income data: while the overall median household income is $61,204, households led by residents aged 25 to 44 report a significantly higher median income of $75,283. This "sweet spot" demographic is often seeking relief from the high cost of living in major metropolitan areas like Nashville while maintaining access to quality jobs.

Racial and Ethnic Composition (Topical Entity: Diversity)

Columbia maintains a diverse community, with the latest data showing the primary racial and ethnic groups as follows:

  • White: 67.7%
  • Black or African American: 15.6%
  • Hispanic or Latino: 11.8%

The growing Hispanic population, specifically, is a notable trend, contributing to the city's evolving cultural tapestry. This diversity is a major factor in the city's appeal, fostering a vibrant and dynamic environment for small businesses and local culture, such as the thriving Columbia Arts District.

The Economic Engine: Why the Population Explosion is Happening

The surge of nearly 7,300 new residents since 2020 is not accidental; it is a direct result of strategic economic development and Columbia’s geographical location. The city serves as the county seat of Maury County and is a critical part of the larger Middle Tennessee economic corridor.

Major Employers and Industry Growth (Topical Entities: Maury Regional Health, Timco, IBEX Global)

The job market in Columbia is robust and diversified, providing a strong foundation for new residents. Key employers and industries driving job growth include:

  • Healthcare: Maury Regional Health is one of the largest employers in the region, anchoring the local medical sector.
  • Manufacturing & Logistics: Companies like Timco and IBEX Global, along with the city's access to major rail lines (CSX Transportation and TN Southern Railroad), highlight a strong industrial and logistics base.
  • Retail and Agriculture: National chains like Walmart and Lowe's, as well as the presence of the Tennessee Farm Bureau, ensure a stable retail and commercial sector.

The proximity of other rapidly expanding Middle Tennessee cities, such as Spring Hill and Mount Pleasant, also contributes to a regional job market that offers diverse opportunities, making Columbia an attractive residential hub for commuters.

Housing Market and Future Growth Trends (Topical Entities: New Construction, Buyer's Market)

The 17.26% population jump has naturally placed immense pressure on the Columbia housing market. The 2024 Special Census identified 21,492 housing units, and the demand for new construction remains steady as developers work to meet the need.

Current Real Estate Landscape

As of late 2025, the housing market presents a fascinating picture. The average home value is trending around $365,734, showing moderate appreciation over the past year. However, some recent reports classify Columbia as a "buyer's market," indicating that the supply of homes, including new developments, is beginning to catch up with demand. For prospective residents, this suggests that while prices have risen, the market is currently more balanced than in neighboring boom areas, offering a relative advantage in home-buying.

The Road to 50,000 and Beyond

With a 2025 population projection of 50,361, Columbia is set to cross a major psychological and statistical threshold. This growth is expected to continue as the city capitalizes on its cultural assets, including the annual Mule Day celebration and the preservation of historical sites like the President James K. Polk Home and Museum. Further development of the downtown area, centered around the historic 1906 Courthouse and the scenic Duck River, will continue to enhance the city's quality of life, ensuring that Columbia, TN, remains a magnet for new residents and a powerhouse in the Middle Tennessee region.

5 Shocking Numbers That Prove Columbia, TN is Middle Tennessee's Fastest-Growing City (2025 Data)
population of columbia tn
population of columbia tn

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